XII Unit-5 TOUR PACKAGING & PROGRAMMING (English)

Introduction to Package Tour

A package tour is a combination of different travel services such as transport, accommodation, food, and sightseeing offered at a single inclusive price.

  • Started in the mid-19th century by Thomas Cook (1855 Paris tour)

  • Combines multiple services into one package

  • Reduces hassle and saves time for tourists

  • Creates business opportunities for tourism stakeholders

Main Components:

  • Transport

  • Accommodation

  • Meals

  • Sightseeing

  • Guide and other services


5.1 Meaning of Package Tour

A package tour is a pre-arranged combination of two or more travel services sold at a single price to provide convenience and cost savings to tourists.

  • Inclusive pricing (one-time payment)

  • Saves time and reduces uncertainty

  • Designed based on customer needs and trends

  • Transport and accommodation are major cost elements


Classification of Package Tours

Package tours are classified based on type of service and operation:

  • Escorted Tour

  • Independent Tour

  • Hosted Tour

  • Incentive Tour

  • Freedom Tour


Escorted Tour

An escorted tour is a tour in which a professional tour manager or guide accompanies the tourists throughout the journey.

  • Full assistance from start to end

  • Help in check-in, boarding, and baggage

  • Provides information about destinations

  • Manages meals and sightseeing

Example: Group tours, club or community travel


Independent Tour (FIT)

An independent tour is designed for individual travelers who prefer to plan and customize their travel according to their own needs and budget.

  • Flexible itinerary

  • Customized services

  • Includes tickets, hotels, transfers, sightseeing

  • Higher cost due to personalization

Example: Solo travelers, luxury tourists


Hosted Tour

A hosted tour is a tour where a local ground operator or destination management company acts as a host and manages services at the destination.

  • Airport/railway pickup

  • Hotel booking and confirmation

  • Local transport and guide

  • Cultural interaction and hospitality

Special Point:

  • Focus on host-guest relationship


Incentive Tour

An incentive tour is an all-inclusive tour organized by companies to reward employees for their performance.

  • Sponsored by corporate organizations

  • Luxury and group travel

  • Motivates employees

Example: Corporate tours by Thomas Cook, SOTC


Freedom Tour

A freedom tour is a tour designed according to the preferences, budget, and choices of the customer, offering maximum flexibility.

  • Flexible travel plan

  • Choice of destinations and services

  • Suitable for budget travelers

  • Can be individual or group

Review Questions:
  1. What do you mean by Package Tours?

A package tour is a pre-arranged combination of two or more travel services such as transport, accommodation, food, and sightseeing, offered at a single inclusive price. It is designed to provide convenience, save time and cost, and reduce uncertainty for tourists. These tours combine all essential travel services into one plan, making travel easy and hassle-free.


  1. Enumerate the Classification of Package Tours

Package tours are classified based on the type of services and operation:

  • Escorted Tour

  • Independent Tour (FIT)

  • Hosted Tour

  • Incentive Tour

  • Freedom Tour


  1. Discuss the Concept of Freedom Tours

A freedom tour is a type of tour designed according to the preferences, needs, and budget of the customer. It provides maximum flexibility to travelers in choosing destinations, travel time, accommodation, and other services.

This type of tour is suitable for working-class people and budget travelers whose choices may differ from others. It allows tourists to decide how, when, and where to travel, making it highly flexible and personalized. Freedom tours can be organized for individuals or groups.


  1. Make a List of Package Tours Promoted by Tour Operators

Tour operators promote different types of package tours, such as:

  • Escorted Tours

  • Independent Tours

  • Hosted Tours

  • Incentive Tours (Corporate/MICE tours by companies like Thomas Cook and SOTC)

  • Freedom Tours

5.2 Components of Package Tour

Components of a package tour are the different services combined together by tour operators to create a complete travel experience and sold at a single price.

  • These components determine the success and sale of a package tour

  • Tour operators purchase services from airlines, hotels, transport, etc.

  • Final price = Cost of services + Profit margin

  • Designed based on customer demand and market trends


Accommodation

Accommodation refers to lodging facilities provided to tourists during their travel.

  • Major component (about one-third of total cost)

  • Includes primary accommodation: star hotels, resorts, business hotels

  • Includes supplementary accommodation: guest houses, lodges, service apartments

  • Selected based on budget and customer preference


Sightseeing Tour

Sightseeing is the organized visit to places of tourist interest included in a package tour.

  • Essential part of any package tour

  • Includes local tours and excursions

  • Cost is shared among group members

  • May include cultural, historical, and recreational activities


Airlines

Airline service refers to air transport provided for domestic and international travel in a package tour.

  • Includes flight tickets and onboard services

  • Different classes: First class, Business class, Economy class

  • Used for long-distance and international travel


Railways

Railway service refers to train travel included in tour packages, mainly for domestic and regional travel.

  • Important where air connectivity is limited

  • Provides scenic and economical travel

  • Examples: Indrail Pass, Eurail Pass, BritRail, Amtrak


Car Rental Service

Car rental service provides vehicles for transfers and local travel during the tour.

  • Used for airport pickup, drop, and sightseeing

  • Includes luxury and standard vehicles

  • Often arranged through annual contracts


Luxury Coach Service

Luxury coach service refers to comfortable buses used for group travel in package tours.

  • Used in group tours

  • Features: AC, comfortable seats, microphone, large windows

  • Example: Volvo coaches for sightseeing


Cruise or Ferry Services

Cruise or ferry services provide water transport along with accommodation and entertainment.

  • All-inclusive packages (room, food, entertainment)

  • Used for luxury tourism and unique experiences

  • Example: Royal Caribbean, Royal Virgo


Event Services

Event services include arrangements for meetings, conferences, and exhibitions (MICE tourism).

  • Includes venue booking, food, conference kits

  • Managed by event planners or MICE operators

  • Includes pre- and post-tour programs


Insurance

Insurance in package tours provides financial protection against risks during travel.

  • Covers trip cancellation, health, and luggage

  • Protects both tourists and tour operators

  • Examples: Bajaj Allianz, TATA AIG


Ground Handling Services

Ground handling services include all support services provided at the destination.

  • Includes guides, interpreters, transfers, entry tickets

  • Ensures smooth operation of the tour

  • Managed by local operators


Miscellaneous Services


Miscellaneous services are additional services provided to enhance tourist comfort and experience.

  • Porter services at airports/railways

  • Tips for guides and hotel staff

  • Welcome drinks, gifts, special dinners

Review Questions:
  1. Explain the Components of Package Tours

Package tours consist of various services combined together to provide a complete travel experience at a single price. These components are:

  • Accommodation: Hotels, resorts, guest houses for stay

  • Transport: Airlines, railways, car rentals, luxury coaches

  • Sightseeing: Visits to tourist attractions and excursions

  • Cruise/Ferry Services: Water transport with entertainment and stay

  • Event Services: Arrangements for meetings, conferences (MICE)

  • Insurance: Coverage for health, luggage, and cancellations

  • Ground Handling Services: Local support like guides, transfers, entry tickets

  • Miscellaneous Services: Porterage, tips, welcome drinks, gifts

These components together make the package tour convenient and attractive for tourists.


  1. What are the Different Types of Accommodation Services?

Accommodation services are divided into two main types:

  • Primary Accommodation:
    Includes star hotels, business hotels, resorts, and international hotels. These provide full services like rooms and meals.

  • Supplementary Accommodation:
    Includes guest houses, lodges, bungalows, and service apartments. These are usually budget-friendly and offer limited services.


  1. What do you Mean by Ground Handling Services?

Ground handling services refer to all the support services provided to tourists at the destination.

These include:

  • Airport/railway transfers

  • Local transport arrangements

  • Tour guides and language interpreters

  • Entry tickets to attractions

These services ensure smooth and comfortable travel for tourists at the destination.


  1. Find the Difference between Primary and Complementary Services in Package Tour

Primary Services:

  • Basic and essential services in a package tour

  • Includes transport, accommodation, and meals

  • Forms the main part of the package cost

Complementary Services:

  • Additional services that enhance tourist experience

  • Includes sightseeing, guides, insurance, events, and miscellaneous services

  • Adds value and attractiveness to the package

5.3 Customized or Tailor-Made Package and Group Inclusive Tours


Customized or Tailor-Made Package (FIT)


A customized or tailor-made package is a tour specially designed according to the needs, preferences, and budget of individual travelers, also known as Free Independent Travelers (FIT).

Features:

  • Personalized travel plan

  • Flexible itinerary (no fixed schedule)

  • Suitable for individuals or small groups (2–5 members)

  • Focus on comfort, privacy, and exclusivity

  • Can choose destinations, hotels, and services

Characteristics of FIT Tourists:

  • Prefer freedom of movement

  • Like exploring new and unique places

  • Avoid crowded destinations

  • Can adjust to different environments

  • May select luxury hotels or budget options like guest houses, hostels, or B&B (European Plan – EP)

Important Point:

  • FIT tourists may plan their own tour or take selected services from tour operators

  • Targets niche market and specific customer needs


Group Inclusive Tour (GIT)

A Group Inclusive Tour (GIT) is a pre-planned and organized tour for a group of people, offered at an inclusive price with a fixed itinerary.

Features:

  • Fixed travel itinerary

  • Usually an escorted tour

  • Covers popular (beaten-track) destinations

  • Designed based on group interest, time, and capacity

  • Can be short-haul (MICE) or long-haul (leisure travel)

Advantages:

  • Cost-effective (cheaper than FIT)

  • Bulk booking of hotels, transport, etc.

  • Tour operators get discounts from service providers

  • Suitable for large groups

Examples:

  • Corporate tours (MICE)

  • School/college trips

  • Religious or leisure group tours

Review Questions: 
1. Explain the key features of customized tour packages?

A customized tour package is designed according to the needs, budget, and preferences of the traveler, usually for a Free Independent Traveler (FIT). It gives personalized services, flexibility, privacy, and freedom to choose destinations, hotels, and activities. Such packages are suitable for individual travelers or small groups and target niche customers.

2. What do you mean by Tailor-Made Tour Package?

A tailor-made tour package is a specially prepared travel package created to suit the exact requirements of a particular customer or small group. It is not fixed for everyone and allows the tourist to select services as needed. It is ideal for travelers who want unique, comfortable, and personalized experiences.

3. Describe the particular of Group Inclusive Tours.

A Group Inclusive Tour (GIT) is a pre-planned package tour for a group, offered with a fixed itinerary and inclusive price. It usually covers common-interest destinations, is escorted, and is planned according to group size, time, and capacity. GIT is cheaper than FIT because of bulk bookings and higher discounts from service providers.

4. Find how a tour operator takes measures in designing FIT and GIT packages.

Tour operators study customer demand, travel behavior, and market trends before designing FIT and GIT packages. They compare service costs, negotiate discounts, and choose suitable hotels, transport, and activities. For FIT, they keep the package flexible and offer selected services, while for GIT they fix the itinerary and use bulk bookings to reduce cost.

5.4 Tour Formulation and Designing Process

Tour formulation and designing process means the systematic planning, preparation, costing, marketing, and operation of a package tour so that it becomes attractive, sellable, and profitable.

  • It is a multi-stage process.

  • It helps tour operators reduce risks and improve tour quality.

  • It is based on market demand, customer feedback, destination study, and cost control.

  • Senior and experienced staff usually handle this work because a good tour design can make or break the business.


Why Tour Designing Is Important

  • Package tour business faces risks like season, price rise, and socio-political changes.

  • A well-designed tour helps tour operators respond to market demand.

  • It increases customer satisfaction and sales.

  • It improves the chances of success in a competitive market.


Steps in Tour Formulation and Designing

1. Initial Research

Initial research is the first step in which the tour operator studies the destination and source market before designing the package.

  • It helps identify the demand trend.

  • It shows the strengths and weaknesses of the package.

  • It helps in making corrective measures.

  • It improves the quality and appeal of the tour.


2. Collecting Feedback

Feedback collection means taking suggestions and opinions from guests and tour guides to improve the tour plan.

  • Feedback is taken through questionnaires.

  • Questions may be open-ended or close-ended.

  • It helps understand customer satisfaction.

  • It gives ideas for better package design.


3. Finalizing the Area of Operation

Explanation:
After research and feedback, the operator decides where the package will be operated.

  • Political conditions are checked.

  • Economic situation is studied.

  • Social development is considered.

  • Only suitable destinations are selected.


4. Preparing the Itinerary

An itinerary is a detailed travel plan that shows the sequence of places, activities, transport, and stay during the tour.

  • It is prepared carefully.

  • Do’s and don’ts are included.

  • It makes the travel organized.

  • It helps avoid confusion during the tour.


5. Selecting Destination Companies

Explanation:
Tour operators choose local destination companies for ground support.

  • These companies handle local arrangements.

  • They are authorized for ground handling responsibilities.

  • They help make the tour smooth at the destination.


6. Contacting Vendors

Vendors are service providers such as hotels, transport companies, airlines, and other tour-related businesses.

  • Tour operators contact primary and supplementary service providers.

  • They negotiate for the best quotations.

  • This helps reduce cost.

  • Better negotiation improves profitability.


7. Costing and Pricing

Costing means calculating the total cost of all services included in the package.
Pricing means fixing the final selling price of the package tour.

  • Every element of the package is costed carefully.

  • Profit margin is added to final price.

  • Pricing must be competitive.

  • Good pricing helps in selling the package successfully.


8. Tour Brochure Designing

A tour brochure is a promotional document that gives full information about the package tour to potential customers.

  • It is prepared after destination selection and costing.

  • It contains tour details, services, itinerary, and price.

  • It helps in attracting customers.

  • A clear brochure improves sales.


9. Selling the Tour Package

Explanation:
After the brochure is ready, the package tour is sold to customers.

  • Selling can be done directly by the tour operator.

  • It can also be sold through retail travel agents.

  • Reservation systems are used for booking.

  • A strong sales system helps reach more customers.


10. Marketing and Sales Promotion

Explanation:
Marketing and sales promotion are used to inform and attract the target market.

  • Advertisements are used.

  • Promotions help create demand.

  • The right audience is targeted.

  • This increases package visibility and bookings.


11. Tour Operation

Explanation:
Tour operation means the actual execution of the package tour after sales are completed.

  • Ground operators manage services at the destination.

  • Transport, accommodation, and sightseeing are coordinated.

  • Smooth operation ensures customer satisfaction.

  • This stage completes the package tour process.

Review Questions:
  1. What are the tour formalities?
    Tour formalities are the necessary steps and arrangements that a tour operator follows before launching a package tour. These include research on the destination and market, collecting customer feedback, selecting the area of operation, preparing the itinerary, contacting vendors, negotiating quotations, costing and pricing, designing the brochure, selling the package, and finally operating the tour through ground operators.

  2. Explain the designing process of tour packages.
    The designing process of tour packages is a step-by-step method used to create a complete and attractive package tour. It starts with destination research and source market study, followed by feedback collection from guests and guides. After that, the itinerary is prepared, destination companies are selected, vendors are negotiated with, cost and price are fixed, the brochure is designed, the tour is sold, and the package is operated with proper ground support.

  3. What are the formulation processes for developing a package tour?
    The formulation processes for developing a package tour are:

  • Initial research on destination and source market.

  • Collection of feedback from guests and tour guides.

  • Final selection of the area of operation.

  • Preparation of a well-structured itinerary.

  • Selection of destination companies for ground handling.

  • Contact and negotiation with vendors for best quotations.

  • Costing and pricing of the package tour.

  • Finalization of the tour brochure.

  • Selling the package through direct or retail channels.

  • Marketing, sales promotion, and actual tour operation.

  1. Why there is a need for systematic and planned approach for package tour?
    A systematic and planned approach is needed for package tours because the business involves many risks such as seasonality, price changes, and socio-political factors. Proper planning helps tour operators reduce risks, improve quality, and match customer demand. It also helps in better costing, smooth operations, higher sales, and greater customer satisfaction. A well-planned package tour can make the business successful and profitable.

5.5 Tour Brochure Designing

A tour brochure is a printed or digital promotional document that gives complete information about a package tour, including destinations, services, conditions, and booking details.

  • It helps customers understand the tour clearly.

  • It removes confusion and ambiguity.

  • It is written in simple and easy language.

  • It is also used for sales promotion by tour operators.


Purpose of a Tour Brochure

  • To give full information about the tour.

  • To attract customers.

  • To promote package tours through travel agents.

  • To explain services, conditions, and booking rules clearly.


Main Contents of a Tour Brochure

1. Introduction

Explanation:
The introductory part gives the background of the tour and the area of operation.

  • It introduces the package tour.

  • It explains the purpose of the brochure.

  • It gives a general idea about the tour.


2. Travel Information

Explanation:
This section gives details about the mode of transport and travel arrangements.

  • Information about arrival and departure.

  • Transfer details.

  • Transport facilities included in the package.


3. Accommodation Details

Explanation:
This part explains the hotel and room services provided in the tour.

  • Location of hotel.

  • Type of room services.

  • Hotel category and stay arrangements.


4. Tour Services

Explanation:
This section contains details of all travel-related services.

  • Guide services.

  • Sightseeing arrangements.

  • Cultural programmes.

  • Dine and shopping suggestions.


5. Do’s and Don’ts

Definition:
Do’s and don’ts are the rules and instructions given to help tourists behave properly and enjoy the tour safely.

  • Helps guests make the tour enjoyable.

  • Gives proper guidance during travel.

  • Prevents mistakes and confusion.


6. Inclusive and Exclusive Services

Explanation:
A brochure clearly mentions which services are included in the package and which are not.

  • Inclusive services = services covered in the package price.

  • Exclusive services = services not included in the package price.

  • This helps customers know exactly what they are paying for.


7. Images and Visuals

Explanation:
Brochures include pictures to make the tour more attractive.

  • Images of tourist places.

  • Pictures of hotels and transport.

  • Photos of souvenir shops and local attractions.

  • Visuals increase interest in the package.


8. Booking Form and Conditions

Definition:
A booking form is the document used by customers to reserve the tour package. Booking conditions are the rules and terms for booking.

  • Includes reservation details.

  • Shows payment and cancellation rules.

  • Also mentions meal plans and ground services.


Importance of Tour Brochure

  • Helps customers get clear information.

  • Supports tour selling and marketing.

  • Helps travel agents promote packages.

  • Builds trust between tourists and tour operators.

  • Makes the package more attractive and professional.

  1. What is brochure?
    A brochure is a printed or digital document that gives complete information about a package tour in a simple and attractive way. It includes details about destinations, transport, accommodation, services, conditions, and booking information.

  2. Explain the importance of tour brochures
    Tour brochures are important because they give clear and complete information about the tour package. They help customers understand what is included and what is not included in the tour. Brochures also attract tourists, remove confusion, support sales promotion, and help travel agents sell the package more effectively. They make the tour look professional and trustworthy.

  3. What are the skills needed to designing a tour brochure?
    The skills needed to design a tour brochure are:

  • Good writing skill to use simple and clear language.

  • Proper knowledge of the tour package and destination.

  • Ability to present information in an attractive and organized way.

  • Communication skill to explain services, conditions, and benefits clearly.

  • Creativity to use pictures, layout, and design effectively.

  • Marketing skill to make the brochure appealing to customers.

  1. What are the stages of developing a tour brochure?
    The stages of developing a tour brochure are:

  • Collecting complete information about the tour.

  • Writing the introductory part of the brochure.

  • Adding details of transport, accommodation, sightseeing, and other services.

  • Mentioning do’s and don’ts clearly.

  • Explaining inclusive and exclusive services.

  • Adding images and visuals of tourist places, hotels, and transport.

  • Including booking form and booking conditions.

  • Finalizing and sending the brochure for sales promotion through travel agents.

5.6 Tour Programming and its Importance

Tour programming means adding extra attractive activities and events in a package tour without removing the main sightseeing or excursion activities. It is done to increase the value and appeal of the tour.

  • It makes the tour more enjoyable.

  • It adds value to the package.

  • It helps attract more customers.

  • It improves the overall quality of the tour.


Meaning of Tour Programming

  • Tour programming is the planning of extra activities during a tour.

  • These activities are added to make the package more interesting.

  • The main activities like sightseeing remain included.

  • It gives tourists more satisfaction and a better experience.


Examples of Tour Programming

Tour operators may include activities such as:

  • Photography.

  • Music.

  • Dance.

  • Painting.

  • Sculpting.

  • Swimming.

  • Fishing.

  • Surfing.

  • Canoeing.

  • Rowing.

  • Trekking.

  • Cooking.

  • Cultivating.

These activities give tourists a lifetime experience and make the tour memorable.


Use of Local Festivals and Fairs

  • Tour operators check local calendars.

  • They include fairs and festivals in the itinerary.

  • This helps tourists experience local culture.

  • It makes the package more attractive and meaningful.


Importance of Tour Programming

1. Value for Money

  • Tourists feel that they are getting more services for the price paid.

  • It increases customer satisfaction.

2. Better Itinerary

  • It improves the quality of the tour plan.

  • The itinerary becomes more attractive and engaging.

3. Matches Customer Needs

  • Activities are arranged according to customer interests and traits.

  • It makes the package more personalized.

4. Business Opportunity

  • It creates more income opportunities for tour operators.

  • More value-added services can increase sales.

5. Branding and Positioning

  • It helps build a better image of the tour operator.

  • It improves market position.

6. Target Market

  • It helps tour operators attract the right group of customers.

  • The package becomes suitable for a specific market segment.

Review Questions:
  1. What are the skills needed to design a tour brochure?
    The skills needed to design a tour brochure are:

  • Good writing skill to use simple and clear language.

  • Proper knowledge of the tour package and destination.

  • Ability to present information in an attractive and organized way.

  • Communication skill to explain services, conditions, and benefits clearly.

  • Creativity to use pictures, layout, and design effectively.

  • Marketing skill to make the brochure appealing to customers.

  1. What is the importance of tour packages?
    Tour packages are important because they provide complete travel services in one plan at a single price. They save time, reduce confusion, and make travel more convenient for tourists. Tour packages also help customers get value for money and allow tour operators, hotels, transport companies, and other service providers to earn business. They make travel organized, attractive, and easy to manage.

  2. Why programming is given much importance in package tour business?
    Programming is given much importance in package tour business because it adds value to the tour without reducing the main sightseeing or excursion activities. It makes the package more attractive, enjoyable, and worth buying. Tourists get extra activities like music, dance, cooking, trekking, and festivals, which improve their travel experience. It also helps tour operators attract customers, build branding, cater to target markets, and create repeat buyers.


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